Sweden now has six reactors that are in operation, and they were all built in the 1970s and 1980s. Electricity generation in Sweden is already nearly entirely free of fossil fuels, with hydropower providing 40% of the supply, nuclear energy 30%, and wind power 20%. Electricity demand is projected to double to approximately 300 terawatt hours within the next 20 years.

Sweden's parliament approved legislation on May 21 to fund a new generation of nuclear reactors, which the government said are important for energy security and net-zero emissions by 2045.
They plan to build four large-scale reactors with around 5,000 MW capacity or the equivalent in small, modular reactors (SMRs). Half of the reactors are expected to be operational by 2035.

The Sweden government claims that some new industries like bio-fuels, green steel, and green hydrogen will move out if there is no nuclear power. It also says that though it supports green energy, only nuclear can provide reliable and predictable electricity.

While some people criticize nuclear power for being too expensive, potentially crowding out cheaper alternatives like wind and solar energy. The opposition Left Party are also against this, saying it is this government's religious faith.